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The first chapter of Uttaratantra of Sushruta Samhita is called as Aupadravika Adhyaya. This chapter offers with Secondary Illnesses.
अथात औपद्रविकमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः ||१||
यथोवाच भगवान् धन्वन्तरिः ||२||
We are going to now expound the chapter by title aupadravya – regarding secondary ailments; as revealed by the venerable dhañvañtari.
Uttarasthāna aucitya- relevance of this section-
अध्यायानां शते विंशे यदुक्तमसकृन्मया |
वक्ष्यामि बहुधा सम्यगुत्तरेऽर्थानिमानिति ||३||
इदानीं तत् प्रवक्ष्यामि तन्त्रमुत्तरमुत्तमम् |
निखिलेनोपदिश्यन्ते यत्र रोगाः पृथग्विधाः ||४||
Whereas expounding 100 and twenty chapters (described to date) I’ve acknowledged many instances that extra particulars about a lot of these subjects shall additional be furnished within the Uttara Sthana part. Subsequently, I’ll now describe the final part known as Uttara Sthana, which is crucial one.
Uttarasthāna vişaya- topics handled
शालाक्यतन्त्राभिहिता विदेहाधिपकीर्तिताः |
ये च विस्तरतो दृष्टाः कुमाराबाधहेतवः ||५||
षट्सु कायचिकित्सासु ये चोक्ताः परमर्षिभिः |
उपसर्गादयो रोगा ये चाप्यागन्तवः स्मृताः ||६||
त्रिषष्टी रससंसर्गाः स्वस्थवृत्तं तथैव च |
युक्तार्था युक्तयश्चैव दोषभेदास्तथैव च ||७||
यत्रोक्ता विविधा अर्था रोगसाधनहेतवः |
On this Uttara Tantra part, I’ll describe intimately –
– Urdhwanga Chikitsa – All of the ailments individually described in Salakya Tantra will probably be defined right here. Salakya Tantra is a science (a part of Ayurveda therapeutic system) involved with urdhwanga chikitsa i.e. remedy of organs of the pinnacle expounded by Nimi, the king of Videha (in accordance with Dalhana).
– Bala Chikitsa – All these ailments described intimately as inflicting troubles to the kids.
– Kaya Chikitsa – All these secondary and exogenous ailments of Kaya Chikitsa which have been talked about within the texts written by Agnivesha and so on. six nice sages.
– Sixty-three mixtures of tastes
– Svastha Vrtta – regimens of well being
– Tantrayukti – codes of interpretation of the textual content and
– Description of various mixtures of doshas useful in remedy of ailments
Śālākya tantra prāthamya – precedence of ailments of the pinnacle and the organs situated therein
महतस्तस्य तन्त्रस्य दुर्गाधस्याम्बुधेरिव ||८||
आदावेवोत्तमाङ्गस्थान् रोगानभिदधाम्यहम् |
सङ्ख्यया लक्षणैश्चापि साध्यासाध्यक्रमेण च ||९||
This science is a superb one. It’s like an ocean, huge and troublesome to cross. On this science, at the start, I’ll describe the ailments of the pinnacle together with their quantity, options, prognosis and so on. in correct order.
Netra vivarana – description of the attention
विद्याद्द्वयङ्गुलबाहुल्यं स्वाङ्गुष्ठोदरसम्मितम् |
द्व्यङ्गुलं सर्वतः सार्धं भिषङ्नयनबुद्बुदम् ||१०||
सुवृत्तं गोस्तनाकारं सर्वभूतगुणोद्भवम् |
Nayana Budbuda means eyeball. The doctor ought to perceive the scale of the eyeball as beneath described –
– depth – 2 angula (4cm),
– width – of 1’s personal thumb in thickness,
– circumference – two and half angula (5cm),
– form – is spherical and resembles the nipple of a cow
– origin – it arises from (includes of) all of the bhutas i.e. 5 parts of nature (earth, water, hearth, air and ether) and their qualities
Involvement of 5 parts within the formation of various components of the attention
पलं भुवोऽग्नितो रक्तं वातात् कृष्णं सितं जलात् ||११||
आकाशादश्रुमार्गाश्च जायन्ते नेत्रबुद्बुदे |
| A part of Netra Budbuda – eyeball | Mahabhuta concerned in its makeover |
| Pala – muscle groups of the attention | Bhuvi – Prithvi – Earth |
| Rakta – blood | Tejas – Agni – Fireplace |
| Krsna – black portion of the attention – cornea | Vata – Vayu – Air |
| Sita – white portion of the attention – sclera | Jala – Ap – Water |
| Asru Marga – channels of tears / lacrimal ducts | Akasa – Ether |
दृष्टिं चात्र तथा वक्ष्ये यथा ब्रूयाद्विशारदः ||१२||
नेत्रायामत्रिभागं तु कृष्णमण्डलमुच्यते |
कृष्णात् सप्तममिच्छन्ति दृष्टिं दृष्टिविशारदाः ||१३||
Now, I shall clarify about Drsti (imaginative and prescient, pupil) as described by the specialists of the attention –
– Krsna Mandala (black a part of the attention / cornea) is one-third of the size of the attention
– Drsti (a part of imaginative and prescient, pupil) is one seventh a part of Krsna Mandala
Netra bhāga- components of the attention
मण्डलानि च सन्धींश्च पटलानि च लोचने |
यथाक्रमं विजानीयात् पञ्च षट् च षडेव च ||१४||
पक्ष्मवर्त्मश्वेतकृष्णदृष्टीनां मण्डलानि तु |
अनुपूर्वं तु ते मध्याश्चत्वारोऽन्त्या यथोत्तरम् ||१५||
Within the eye,
– Mandala i.e. spheres or areas are 5 in quantity,
– Sandhi i.e. joints / fornices are six in quantity and
– Patala i.e. layers or sheaths are six in quantity
The 5 mandalas or areas of the attention are –
– Paksma Mandala – areas of eye lashes – the outermost space of the attention
– Vartma Mandala – areas of eyelids – situated subsequent to Paksma Mandala inwards
– Sveta Mandala – space comprising of white portion of the attention / sclera – is the following one inside to the realm of the eyelids
– Krsna Mandala – space of black portion of the attention / cornea and
– Drsti Mandala – space of sight / pupil – each Krsna and Drshti Mandala are subsequent inside layers and are current in the course of Krsna Mandala
Netra sandhi- joints / fornices of the attention
पक्ष्मवर्त्मगतः सन्धिर्वर्त्मशुक्लगतोऽपरः |
शुक्लकृष्णगतस्त्वन्यः कृष्णदृष्टिगतोऽपरः |
ततः कनीनकगतः षष्ठश्चापाङ्गगः स्मृतः ||१६||
Sandhi (joints / fornices) current within the eyes are –
– one between pakşma (eyelashes) and vartma (eyelids);
– one other between vartma (lids) and sukla (sclera);
– one other between sukla (selera) and krsna (cornea);
– one other between krsna (cornea) and drsţi (pupil);
– one at kanīnaka (inside canthus) and
– the sixth at apānga (outer canthus) – thus six in complete
Netra patala- layers / sheaths of the attention
द्वे वर्त्मपटले विद्याच्चत्वार्यन्यानि चाक्षिणि |
जायते तिमिरं येषु व्याधिः परमदारुणः ||१७||
तेजोजलाश्रितं बाह्यं तेष्वन्यत् पिशिताश्रितम् |
मेदस्तृतीयं पटलमाश्रितं त्वस्थि चापरम् ||१८||
पञ्चमांशसमं दृष्टेस्तेषां बाहुल्यमिष्यते |
Two patalas are current in two eyelids – one in every eyelid. Different 4 patalas are current the attention. Timira – probably the most dreadful illness (blindness) happens in these Patalas.
– The exterior patala which is the outermost layer of the attention is the seat of Tejas (hearth, warmth, pitta) and jala (water / kapha).
– The second patala is the seat of Pisita i.e. muscle groups.
– The third patala is the seat of medas i.e. fats.
– The fourth patala is the seat of asthi i.e. bone.
The thickness of those patalas is the same as one fifth of the drshti.
Netra Bandana – Binders of the attention (eyeball)
सिराणां कण्डराणां च मेदसः कालकस्य च ||१९||
गुणाः कालात् परः श्लेष्मा बन्धनेऽक्ष्णोः सिरायुतः |
The qualities of the beneath talked about constructions are the perfect in that order –
– sira – veins and arteries,
– kandara – ligaments,
– medas – fats and
– kalaka – bones of the sockets of the attention
These constructions participate in binding the eyeball to its constructions. The kapha situated close to the bony socket of the eyes together with the siras will participate in binding each the eyes.
Dosas are causes of illness
सिरानुसारिभिर्दोषैर्विगुणैरूर्ध्वमागतैः ||२०||
जायन्ते नेत्रभागेषु रोगाः परमदारुणाः |
The aggravated doshas transfer upwards by means of the siras. They now get localized within the eye. This could give rise to dreadful ailments in numerous components of the attention.
Netra dusti sämanya laksana- basic indicators of eye ailments
तत्राविलं ससंरम्भमश्रुकण्डूपदेहवत् ||२१||
गुरूषातोदरागाद्यैर्जुष्टं चाव्यक्तलक्षणैः |
सशूलं वर्त्मकोषेषु शूकपूर्णाभमेव च ||२२||
विहन्यमानं रूपे वा क्रियास्वक्षि यथा पुरा |
दृष्ट्वैव धीमान् बुध्येत दोषेणाधिष्ठितं तु तत् ||२३||
Under talked about signs are unclearly manifested within the eyes –
– eyes change into turbid / soiled together with
– swelling and
– crammed with tears with
– itching and
– improve of exudates / waste merchandise (within the eye),
– heaviness,
– burning sensation,
– pricking ache,
– redness and so on.
Under talked about signs are additionally seen –
– ache within the cells of the eyelids,
– feeling of husk of grains or stuffed with thorns
– modifications in imaginative and prescient and
– eyes won’t be able to see issues or operate / understand objects or tolerate gentle like earlier than i.e. the functioning of eye has modified
The clever doctor on noticing these signs solely ought to perceive and infer the presence of aggravated doshas within the eyes.
Samāñya chikitsa – basic line of remedy
तत्र सम्भवमासाद्य यथादोषं भिषग्जितम् |
विदध्यान्नेत्रजा रोगा बलवन्तः स्युरन्यथा ||२४||
सङ्क्षेपतः क्रियायोगो निदानपरिवर्जनम् |
वातादीनां प्रतीघातः प्रोक्तो विस्तरतः पुनः ||२५||
Applicable remedies must be shortly adopted after analysing and realizing the potential for improvement of ailments in accordance with the concerned aggravated dosha. If the remedies usually are not promptly finished, the attention ailments will change into extreme and incurable. Remedies briefly of those situations would contain avoiding the causative components and mitigation of vata and different doshas. Extra particulars of the identical will probably be furnished later.
Netra roga nidāna – causes of eye ailments
उष्णाभितप्तस्य जलप्रवेशाद्दूरेक्षणात् स्वप्नविपर्ययाच्च |
प्रसक्तसंरोदनकोपशोकक्लेशाभिघातादतिमैथुनाच्च ||२६||
शुक्तारनालाम्लकुलत्थमाषनिषेवणाद्वेगविनिग्रहाच्च |
स्वेदादथो धूमनिषेवणाच्च छर्देर्विघाताद्वमनातियोगात् |
बाष्पग्रहात् सूक्ष्मनिरीक्षणाच्च नेत्रे विकारान् जनयन्ति दोषाः ||२७||
Under talked about are the etiological components (causative components) of eye problems –
– getting into into the water (ponds, rivers, water reservoirs, showers) instantly after getting uncovered to daylight or hearth and so on. sources of warmth
– attempting to see the distant objects (the objects current or positioned very distant)
– avoiding sleep,
– extreme indulgence in bouts of weeping, anger, sorrow and exertion for lengthy intervals,
– prevalence of damage to the attention,
– indulgence in extreme intercourse (copulation),
– extreme consumption of sukta (vinegar), aranala (rice-wash or soul and fermented liquids), and plenty of such different bitter and fermented drinks,
– excessively consuming meals ready from kulattha – horse gram or masa – black gram
– incessantly (habitually) suppressing the urges of the physique, of these of urine, faeces and so on.
– sweating in extra,
– inhaling smoke in extra,
– forcibly withholding / controlling the bouts of vomiting or vomiting in extra
– controlling of tears,
– observing minute issues for lengthy intervals of time
The doshas would get aggravated by these causative components and produce many ailments.
Roga sankhyas variety of ailments
वाताद्दश तथा पित्तात् कफाच्चैव त्रयोदश |
रक्तात् षोडश विज्ञेयाः सर्वजाः पञ्चविंशतिः ||२८||
तथा बाह्यौ पुनर्द्वौ च रोगाः षट्सप्ततिः स्मृताः |
The ailments which have an effect on the eyes are seventy-six in quantity. They embrace –
– Ten ailments from vata and ten ailments from pitta,
– 13 ailments from kapha,
– Sixteen ailments from rakta,
– Twenty-five ailments from all of the three doshas collectively and
– Two ailments from extraneous causes
Vātaja roga – ailments of vāta origin
हताधिमन्थो निमिषो दृष्टिर्गम्भीरिका च या ||२९||
यच्च वातहतं वर्त्म न ते सिध्यन्ति वातजाः |
याप्योऽथ तन्मयः काचः साध्याः स्युःसान्यमारुताः ||३०||
शुष्काक्षिपाकाधीमन्थस्यन्दमारुतपर्ययाः |
Under talked about ailments produced by Vata are incurable –
– Hatadhimantha,
– Nimesa,
– Gambhira Drsti and
– Vatahata Vartma
Vataja Kaca can’t be fully cured, it may be controllable however it could persist,
Under talked about ailments produced by Vata are curable –
– Anyamaruta (Anyatovata),
– Suskaksipaka,
– Adhimantha,
– Abhisyanda and
– Marutaparyaya (Vataparyaya)
– Vātaja kāca is controllable however persisting.
Pittaja roga – ailments of the pitta origin
असाध्यो ह्रस्वजाड्यो यो जलस्रावश्च पैत्तिकः ||३१||
परिम्लायी च नीलश्च याप्यः काचोऽथ तन्मयः |
अभिष्यन्दोऽधिमन्थोऽम्लाध्युषितं शुक्तिका च या ||३२||
दृष्टिः पित्तविदग्धा च धूमदर्शी च सिध्यति |३३
Under talked about ailments attributable to pitta are incurable –
– Pittaja Hrasvajadya and
– Pittaja Jala Srāva
Under talked about ailments attributable to pitta are controllable / maintainable (however persisting) –
– Parimlayi
– Nila and
– Pittaja Kaca
Under talked about ailments attributable to pitta are curable –
– Abhisyanda,
– Adhimantha,
– Amladhysita,
– Suktika,
– Pitta Vidagdha Drshti and
– Dhumadarsi
Kaphaja roga – ailments of kapha origin
असाध्यः कफजः स्रावो याप्यः काचश्च तन्मयः ||३३||
अभिष्यन्दोऽधिमन्थश्च बलासग्रथितं च यत् |
दृष्टिः श्लेष्मविदग्धा च पोथक्यो लगण्श्च यः ||३४||
क्रिमिग्रन्थिपरिक्लिन्नवर्त्मशुक्लार्मपिष्टकाः |
श्लेष्मोपनाहः साध्यास्तु कथिताः श्लेष्मजेषु तु ||३५||
Among the many ailments attributable to Kapha,
– Kaphasrāva is incurable.
– Kaphaja kāca is controllable
Under talked about ailments produced by Kapha are curable –
– Abhisyanda,
– Adhimantha,
– Balasagrathita,
– Slesmavidagdha Drsti,
– Pothaki,
– Lagana,
– Krimigranthi,
– Praklinna Vartma,
– Suklarma,
– Pistika and
– Slesmopanaha
Raktaja Roga – ailments produced by rakta (blood)
रक्तस्रावोऽजकाजातं शोणितार्शोव्रणान्वितम् |
शुक्रं न साध्यं काचश्च याप्यस्तज्जः प्रकीर्तितः ||३६||
मन्थस्यन्दौ क्लिष्टवर्त्म हर्षोत्पातौ तथैव च |
सिराजाताऽञ्जनाख्या च सिराजालं च यत् स्मृतम् ||३७||
पर्वण्यथाव्रणं शुक्रं शोणितार्मार्जुनश्च यः |
एते साध्या विकारेषु रक्तजेषु भवन्ति हि ||३८||
Under talked about 4 ailments attributable to Rakta – aggravated blood are incurable –
– Rakta Srava,
– Ajakajata,
– Sonitarsa,
– Ksata Sukra – Sukra with an ulcer
Raktaja Kaca is controllable (however persisting).
Under talked about ailments produced by Rakta are curable –
– Adhimantha,
– Abisyanda,
– Klistavartma,
– Siraharsa,
– Utpata,
– Sirajala,
– Anjanakhya,
– Parvani,
– Vranasukra and
– Raktaja Arjuna
Sannipātaja roga – ailments produced by all of the doşās
पूयास्रावो नाकुलान्ध्यमक्षिपाकात्ययोऽलजी |
असाध्याः सर्वजा याप्यः काचः कोपश्च पक्ष्मणः ||३९||
वर्त्मावबन्धो यो व्याधिः सिरासु पिडका च या |
प्रस्तार्यर्माधिमांसार्म स्नाय्वर्मोत्सङ्गिनी च या ||४०||
पूयालसश्चार्बुदं च श्यावकर्दमवर्त्मनी |
तथाऽर्शोवर्त्म शुष्कार्शः शर्करावर्त्म यच्च वै ||४१||
सशोफश्चाप्यशोफश्च पाको बहलवर्त्म च |
अक्लिन्नवर्त्म कुम्भीका बिसवर्त्म च सिध्यति ||४२||
Incurable ailments produced by all of the three doshas collectively –
– Puyasrava,
– Nakulandhya,
– Aksipakatyaya and
– Alaji
Under talked about sannipataja situations are controllable (however persisting) –
– Sannipataja Kaca and
– Paksmakopa
Under talked about situations produced by all three doshas collectively are curable –
– Vartmavabandha,
– Sirajapidaka,
– Prastari Arma,
– Adhimamsa Arma,
– Snayu Arma,
– Utsangini,
– Puyalasa,
– Vartma Arbuda,
– Syava Vartma,
– Kardama Vartma,
– Arsovartma,
– Suskarsa,
– Sarkara Vartma,
– Sasopha Paka,
– Asopha Paka,
– Bahala Vartma,
– Aklinna Vartma,
– Kumbhika and
– Bisa Vartma
Āgañtu roga-exogeneous ailments
सनिमित्तोऽनिमित्तश्च द्वावसाध्यौ तु बाह्यजौ |४३|
षट्सप्ततिर्विकाराणामेषा सङ्ग्रहकीर्तिता ||४३||
Under talked about two ailments attributable to extraneous businesses / causes are incurable –
– Sa-nimitta – these attributable to damage and so on. causes,
– Animitta – these produced with none obvious trigger or in accordance with Acharya Dalhana – these produced by the ability of wrath of divinities, sages, saints and so on.)
Thus, the seventy six ailments have been enumerated briefly.
नव सन्ध्याश्रयास्तेषु वर्त्मजास्त्वेकविंशतिः |
शुक्लभागे दशैकश्च चत्वारः कृष्णभागजाः ||४४||
सर्वाश्रयाः सप्तदश दृष्टिजा द्वादशैव तु |
बाह्यजौ द्वौ समाख्यातौ रोगौ परमदारुणौ |
भूय एतान् प्रवक्ष्यामि सङ्ख्यारूपचिकित्सितैः ||४५||
Out of those,
– 9 ailments happen in sandhi – joints or fornices of the attention,
– Twenty-one ailments come up in vartma – eyelids,
– Ten ailments come up in sukla – sclera,
– 4 ailments happen in krsna – cornea,
– Seventeen ailments come up in all components of the eyes,
– Twelve ailments come up in drsti – pupil,
– Two ailments come up from exterior causes – these are very dreadful
Additional, these ailments will probably be described intimately together with their quantity, indicators and remedy.
इति श्रीसुश्रुतसंहितायामुत्तरतन्त्रान्तर्गते शालाक्यतन्त्रे औपद्रविको नाम प्रथमोऽध्यायः ।।१।।
Thus ends the primary chapter by title Apadravya Adhyāya in Uttaratantra of suśruta samhita.
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